David Martinez (デイビッド・マルティネス, Deibiddo Marutinesu) Voiced by: KENN (Japanese); Zach Aguilar (English) A Latino American teenager who is a top student at the prestigious Arasaka Academy. Because he comes from a very poor family, he is relentlessly bullied by his classmates and feels like he does not belong at school. A sudden and devastating tragedy leads him to abandon his education and puts him on the path to becoming an edgerunner. Lucyna "Lucy" Kushinada (ルーシー, Rūshī) Voiced by: Aoi Yūki (Japanese); Emi Lo (English) A young and mysterious netrunner who becomes romantically involved with David and introduces him to the criminal underworld of Night City. She has a particular hatred towards Arasaka and dreams of traveling to the Moon. Maine (メイン, Mein) Voiced by: Hiroki Tōchi (Japanese); William C. Stephens (English) A veteran edgerunner who commands his own crew. He is one of Gloria's clients and allows David to join the crew under his guidance. Dorio (ドリオ) Voiced by: Michiko Kaiden (Japanese); Marie Westbrook (English) Maine's girlfriend and second-in-command. Pilar (ピラル, Piraru) Voiced by: Wataru Takagi (Japanese); Ian James Corlett (English) A foul-mouthed techie and a member of Maine's crew. He is also Rebecca's older brother. Kiwi (キーウィ, Kīwi) Voiced by: Takako Honda (Japanese); Stephanie Wong (English) A veteran netrunner who is often cold and stoic, and a member of Maine's crew. She is also Lucy's mentor. Falco (ファルコ, Faruko) Voiced by: Yasuyuki Kase (Japanese); Matthew Mercer (English) A member of Maine's crew who works as the group's getaway driver. Rebecca (レベッカ, Rebekka) Voiced by: Tomoyo Kurosawa (Japanese); Alex Cazares (English) A young and trigger-happy edgerunner and a member of Maine's crew. She is also Pilar's younger sister. Faraday (ファラデー, Faradē) Voiced by: Kazuhiko Inoue (Japanese); Giancarlo Esposito (English) A fixer who works for Militech. He has a business relationship with Maine's crew and often hires them to conduct jobs that usually involve them performing corporate espionage against Arasaka. Adam Smasher (アダム・スマッシャー, Adamu Sumasshā) Voiced by: Yukihiro Misono (Japanese); Alec Newman (English) A bloodthirsty and fully cybernetic supersoldier who works for Arasaka as their chief of security. His English voice actor, Alec Newman, reprises the role from Cyberpunk 2077. Ripperdoc (リパードク, Ripādoku) Voiced by: Kenjiro Tsuda (Japanese); Borge Etienne (English) A local ripperdoc who helps upgrade and install David's cybernetic implants, as well as providing him with the required immunosuppressants. Gloria Martinez (グロリア・マルティネス, Guroria Marutinesu) Voiced by: Yurika Hino (Japanese); Gloria Garayua (English) David's mother and a paramedic who works herself to the bone to pay for his tuition at the Arasaka Academy.

The series was announced during a "Night City Wire" livestream for the game on June 25, 2020, as a collaboration between CD Projekt and Trigger. Hiroyuki Imaishi directed the series, with Masahiko Otsuka and Yoshiki Usa writing scripts, Yoh Yoshinari designing the characters and serving as animation director, Yuto Kaneko and Yusuke Yoshigaki serving as assistant character designers, Hiroyuki Kaneko serving as assistant director, Hiromi Wakabayashi serving as creative director, and Akira Yamaoka serving as the show's composer. The anime's opening theme is "This Fffire" by Franz Ferdinand, while its ending theme is "Let You Down" by Dawid Podsiadło. Edgerunners also utilized songs from 2077's in-game radio stations. Rosa Walton's song "I Really Want to Stay at Your House" was featured prominently and critically praised.

In its first week, the show debuted on Netflix's top ten list, with 14.88 million hours of viewing. Its success helped increase the sales of Cyberpunk 2077 to 20 million units sold.
Cyberpunk: Edgerunners was acclaimed by critics and fans. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 100% of 16 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 8.8/10. The website's consensus reads: "Booting up Night City with frenetic action and awe-inspiring visual flair, Edgerunners is an exceptionally stylish anime adaptation of the world Cyberpunk established."

Jonathon Wilson wrote for Ready Steady Cut that in "many ways, this is the Cyberpunk story the Cyberpunk game wanted to tell and couldn't." Matt Kim of IGN praised the exploration of the hostile life in Night City, specifically the visual effects, noting more of the focus was on the city rather than on some of the characters, and calling it "a wild ride, but worth every blistering second". In a review for Polygon, Kambole Campbell praised the "visual language for various in-game concepts," as well as the "sonic diversity in its score" and found that the show's best aspect was "[its] ability to depict the psychological unmooring of its characters without feeling inauthentic."

Video game director Hideo Kojima lauded the show as well, calling it "a miracle of squeezing the trigger to the world", and compared the art and world design favorably to the 1990 OVA series Cyber City Oedo 808. Mike Pondsmith, the creator of the original Cyberpunk role-playing game also praised the show, writing "It's like seeing my brain in a big screen anime." The publisher of the tabletop Cyberpunk game, R. Talsorian, announced plans for an Edgerunners-based expansion in November 2022.